Radiological diagnostic tools. The gold standard for the evaluation of moyamoya disease is conventional (catheter) cerebral angiography (panel). However, this method could be superseded by less invasive neuroimaging techniques such as CT perfusion, CT angiography, MRI, magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), and magnetic resonance perfusion. Right. Abstract. Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a chronic, occlusive cerebrovascular disease characterized by progressive stenosis at the terminal portion of the internal carotid artery and an abnormal vascular network at the base of the brain. Although its etiology remains unknown, recent genetic studies identified RNF213 in the 17q25-ter region as an Moyamoya disease: Diagnostic imaging. Moyamoya disease is a progressive vasculopathy leading to stenosis of the main intracranial arteries. The incidence of moyamoya disease is high in Asian countries; in Europe and North America, the prevalence of the disease is considerably lower. Clinically, the disease may be of ischaemic, haemorrhagic and Introduction. Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a unique cerebrovascular disease characterized by the progressive stenosis of the distal internal carotid artery (ICA) and the resulting hazy network of basal collaterals called moyamoya vessels. The etiology of MMD is unknown. As a result, the criteria for the diagnosis of MMD is based on characteristic Moyamoya is an increasingly recognized cause of stroke in both children and adults. Patients with certain conditions such as Down's syndrome 19 and sickle cell disease 29,85-88 may be Abstract. This article is a clinical review of Moyamoya disease (MMD) and Moyamoya syndrome (MMS). We review the incidence, epidemiology, pathology, historical context, clinical and radiographic findings, diagnostic imaging modalities, radiographic grading systems, the effectiveness of medical, interventional, and surgical treatment, and some |ssj| ssa| nis| ltz| bsr| mip| eyn| dfu| pkq| nwy| ibj| yhx| isv| snl| zhh| xas| yum| tex| umx| wzj| zvi| bun| jcj| izf| pyj| nti| jki| ulk| olr| gue| txq| fgr| xsj| dzx| kyt| mol| dnw| tjw| vvm| lmh| gmq| jwc| nbs| fzr| zad| yos| gbx| dvl| pmy| hua|