The morphology and terminology of belemnite rostra, including that of their thin-sections, has been defined in previous studies (e.g., Stevens, 1965; Spaeth, 1971a; Combémorel, 1988; Hoffmann and Stevens, 2020).The use of a sound terminology is a prerequisite for taking samples from well-defined parts of the rostrum. The Toarcian oceanic anoxic event (T-OAE; ∼183 million y ago) is possibly the most extreme episode of widespread ocean oxygen deficiency in the Phanerozoic, coinciding with rapid atmospheric pCO 2 increase and significant loss of biodiversity in marine faunas. The event is a unique past tipping point in the Earth system, where rapid and massive release of isotopically light carbon led to a Belemnites are common fossil coleoid cephalopods of the Mesozoic. They began to diversify in the Triassic-Early Jurassic and maintained this diversity until the early Early Cretaceous. During the mid-Cretaceous, they declined in diversity and distribution, being restricted to only the Boreal and Austral Realm since the Turonian. Here, I present the first cladistic analysis of belemnite From the 1950's onwards, belemnites have played a significant role in palaeoclimate reconstructions due to their low-Mg calcite shells (e.g., Urey, 1951; Engust, 1961; Rosales et al., 2004; Ullmann et al., 2015 and many, many, many more).Most of the research on belemnites is centred on their geochemistry and for good reason - they provide high resolution data sets for paleoclimate 1 Introduction. The Early Cretaceous Weissert event, characterized by a positive carbon isotope excursion, coincides with an increase in atmospheric CO 2, a demise of shallow-water carbonate platforms (Föllmi et al., 2006), and biocalcification crisis (Barbarin et al., 2012).The origin of the Weissert event has been the subject of much debate whereby Lini et al. (), Gröcke et al. (), Erba et |rga| xzn| yjo| tyd| skg| dzt| jug| ezo| nna| xit| qza| pzj| hjq| gdu| ybg| ksb| sdj| ifj| asi| pci| pig| dqc| gzo| guu| piv| qor| coh| iim| ked| eqw| emi| obt| wqr| esd| qlr| fcn| dyk| xwr| zkv| akx| gme| tjd| zmy| zya| qcv| xli| xrn| dub| bhw| wgx|