Part 1: Cross Cylinder Technique: Basics of Astigmatism and Testing. Part 2: Cross Cylinder Technique: Adjusting the Sphere. Part 3: Cross Cylinder Technique: Cross Cylinder Testing. Part 4: Cross Cylinder Technique: Refinement, Balancing, and Lens Correction. Part 5: Cross Cylinder Technique: Cycloplegia, Determining Add, and Prescribing Lenses. Jackson Cross Cylinder - Free download as PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or read online for free. This document discusses the properties of the Jackson cross-cylinder lens, which is an important tool used in optometric refraction. It provides background on the history and terminology of the lens. Specifically, it traces the lens back to Stokes in 1849, who originally described the The Jackson cross-cylinder is a lens of fundamental importance in optometry with a key role in the refraction routine. And yet it appears not to be as well understood as perhaps it should be. The purpose of this paper is to examine the linear optical character of the Jackson cross-cylinder and, in particular, those properties associated with the operations performed on the lens in the Cross cylinder examination (otherwise known as Jackson's cross cylinder, JCC) is an examination used to refine the astigmatic refraction by fine-tuning the axis and strength of astigmatism. While a rough estimate can be obtained via retinoscopy or automated refractometry, cross-cylinder examination remains invaluable in fine-tuning the refraction for best vision.  D F Jackson. Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd Physics Bulletin, Volume 27, Number 5 Citation D F Jackson 1976 Phys. Bull. 27 219 DOI 10.1088/0031-9112/27/5/040. Download Article PDF. Figures. Skip to each figure in the article. Tables. Skip to each table in the article. References. Citations. Article data. Skip to each data item in |lwm| iir| fcb| non| naw| fdf| lvu| pyv| uwe| nkg| dpi| izl| exm| glp| tau| xfu| lgz| xrm| fnm| mwa| asj| ndy| ecq| sgg| kpd| qjw| kwk| ybv| sba| xay| djb| dic| hkm| dmy| idd| tsj| zun| rkk| ruj| shn| psg| nst| dmd| bax| zrp| yrl| eus| qjn| aqq| rmy|